Chasing the unicorn that is the perfect photographic moment…
In 1952 Henri Cartier-Bresson published a book called The Decisive Moment showing the world a seemingly new form of camera magic; energetic impulsive and absolutely brilliant journalistic street photography, wrapped in a bit of conceptualist new age philosophy. The myth of the decisive moment was born. And it has frustrated many a photographer since.
The book-title and philosophical concept of “The Decisive Moment” refers to the precise moment when both composition and subject come into place and it is time to release the camera shutter. As Cartier-Bresson himself put it: “It is the simultaneous recognition, in a fraction of a second, of the significance of an event as well as a precise organisation of forms, which give that event its proper expression”.
The decisive moment is often likened to zen archery where the archer strives to become one with the target. The problem is that you cannot become one with your target. It only happens in your imagination. You can be very concentrated, yes. You can take your time aiming or you can use a hell of a lot of arrows until one finally finds it way. But you cannot become one with it. Nor should you. Objective distance is what makes photography possible. After a photo is shot it can take years for the photographer to decide what he likes or dislikes about it. If he didn’t have some distance to his subject, he might never decide.
yes, everyone wants to take a photo at the exact right moment, but that choice is no more profound than someone making a small effort to select the best looking apple at the supermarket. In time, after buying apples for a while, you can draw from your experience and hopefully improve your selection skills. The same way a photographer may learn to look for a portrait subjects blinking-pattern to avoid getting too many photos of people with their eyes shut. Experience is useful. But there is nothing zen-like about it. Everyone tries to click the shutter at the right moment. It’s the natural thing to do. We don’t all elevate this simple fact into a philosophy however.
Over the years the idea of the decisive moment has grown into a mythical beast. For many years I was disappointed because I didn’t seem to have the ability to just shoot one frame of something and have it come out as a masterpiece. Then I saw Cartier-Bressons contacts…
Anyone who have seen his contact sheets may find himself bewildered by the fact that they aren’t a string of completely different single shots from completely different locations. They are like anyone elses contact sheets, full of short and long strings of unfolding events, captured in as many similar shots required to get a good one. And then often a few more for good measure. Knowing there and then which decisive moment is the best can be difficult.
The problem with perfect moments is that they don’t tell you what will happen next. You may see something amazing through your camera viewfinder and manage to release the shutter at the correct moment, yet you have no way of knowing that things won’t get even better a few seconds into the future. A perfect moment is often followed by an even better moment. Which is followed by an even better one still. You just don’t know until it happens. Somewhere in the middle of this, an outsider may walk into your frame, ruining the perfect composition or you may run out of film because you spent your last frame getting what was at that point in time the best moment of an event.
You can there and then attempt to anticipate how events will unfold during the next upcoming seconds and wait for the even better moment. But there is no way of knowing for sure. A person who is walking down the street in your direction is likely to fill out more of the frame as he is moving closer. That you can anticipate. But you cannot anticipate that he suddenly remembers that he has forgotten something and turns back, or that he suddenly sees you and quickly ducks across to the other side of the street to avoid being photographed.
I have on several occasions stood for the longest time waiting for the person I have envisioned to appear. And they do appear if you wait long enough. The same principle of ‘the more you put in the more you get’ is at work here only with time as the factor and not frames of film. More often than not, the person you have waited for will appear just as you have given up waiting and has started to pack up your gear and walk away. The fact that these mythical people actually manifest themselves seem to suggest that there is some sort of magic at work. But it is impossible to tap into it and control it. Again it comes down to good or bad luck.
When trying to capture a perfect moment, luck is always an important factor. But luck is something many photographers are reluctant to recognize. After all… they are the creators of their photos. If luck suddenly becomes a factor, then their genius is diminished… cheapened even by by things outside of their control. Luck is something we may refer to when it comes to finding money on the street. When it comes to finding the ingredients for a photograph on the same street, then the concept of luck is often dismissed.
Virtually every famous press-photo published during the last couple of decades have been one frame selected after shooting an enormous string of almost identical shots. Journalists know that coverage is everything. From a pure mathematical viewpoint, quantity is quality. The more you shoot, the more you have to select from later. Yet this method of photography is generally seen as being less impressive than a single perfect negative that embodies everything. Shooting a number of automatic shots-a-second seems less impressive because the act of choosing the right moment, or rather, to attempt to choose, becomes random. The camera does the selection for you. And on the other hand… no one would dismiss a video photographer shooting the same event even though his camera takes even more frames-per-second. Everything is subjective.
A sniper once told me that there are two general methods to choose from in order to hit a moving target: The first one is to pan along with the subject, following his movements and then at some point during this movement, squeeze the trigger. The second option would be to aim at some blank spot where the subject is destined to be in a few seconds time. Somewhere with a clear view, and then wait until the exact moment when he enters the crosshair. “That’s what we do as well”, I said. Panning along with someone gives you greater freedom in choosing a good facial and bodily expression, but the overall composition may be imprecise. Standing somewhere ahead waiting, lets you carefully compose a nice frame for him to walk into, but you have no way of knowing what his expression will look like when he eventually arrives.
Photographers are lucky in that they have even more options: They can shot the same person dozens of times on various occasions as he walks on down the street, and he isn’t likely to tip over in a pool of blood after the first shot. We can also revisit the same scene another day and wait for the same person to do everything all over again, or perhaps more likely, someone else to do something similar along the same stretch of pavement.
But do any of these options have more zen-like elegance than the other? Is there any difference between shooting 10 frames during one minute of a day and shooting one almost identical frame each day for ten days? To many photographers it is. We want to see ourselves as the perfectly tuned instrument. The zen archer at one with his target. Not just as someone with a nice camera and a lot of spare time to wait. But in reality, waiting is a necessity. One can either arrange something to appear the way one wants it to, or one can wait for something real to happen and then frame it into something subjective.
Cartier-Bresson waited when he needed to. You can see it in many of his photos. The bicycle rushing down the narrow street seen from a staircase above… He carefully composed that and then waited. The man jumping over the puddle… He knew anyone walking across there would have to jump. He waited. Perhaps he got the idea from seing one person jump and then waited for another one to do the same. The idea is to see the possibilities in a scene and then wait for it to unfold. If the apples don’t look good, you wait until next week.
The way to get the perfect moment on film is to put in as much as possible. More waiting when that is required… more film when someone is already there. Myself, I can’t afford to spend a fortune on film. And I absolutely hate the tedious routine of developing film, so shooting more than strictly necessary is not an option. At least this way I can take false pride in my archery even though for every decent photo I shoot, there were at least ten better ones that got away. Luckily, as Morten Krogvold puts it in the preface of his book entitled… yes, that’s right… The Decisive Moment:
“There are many decisive moments”. It’s as simple as that. And if there hadn’t been, there would be no point in continuing.

I was walking down a deserted street. There was something attractive about the place and I was wondering if I should spend a frame of film on it or not. A little boring perhaps… nothing was happening. As I started to walk on, some boys suddenly appeared, playing soccer in
the middle of the street. There was no time. After a few seconds, they ran off. Again I was standing still wondering if i should photograph the empty street. It seemed even more pointless now. Nothing like that would ever happen again. As I was contemplating this, a perfect formation of geese flew down the middle of the street. Very low, just above the rooftops. A perfect arrow filling the strip of sky between the buildings on each side. Too late again. I gave up.
The next day I went back to photograph the empty street as a memento of the most action-packed deserted street in history. As I stood there, the scene suddenly filled with people coming from all directions. They were everywhere like in rush-hour. It felt really bizarre. Then suddenly nothing. I shot the empty street (above).
Seconds later a cat ran across the street in front of me (below). I wasn’t ready for that. Still after what seemed like forever, I finally reacted and shot another frame. So now I have 2 different version. Decisions decisions. It will take me years to select which one to use now. The eternal dilemma of the indecisive moment.
